This page has been prepared by the Georgetown University Library’s Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Committee. We hope you find it useful in more deeply exploring the topic of implicit bias. If you have comments or suggestions about this page, please contact the Library's DEI Committee.
Introduction / Definitions
Implicit bias is defined as the unconsciously held attitudes individuals have toward others or the association of stereotypes with individuals. People’s implicit bias may run counter to their conscious beliefs without their realizing it. Implicit bias is also known as unconscious bias or implicit social cognition. "Ethics Unwrapped", McCombs School of Business, The University of Texas at Austin
Examples of Implicit Bias
- Assuming an Asian or Asian-American student is good at science and math
- Bias in the medical profession - a 2018 study revealed that Black patients were 40% less likely to receive medication to each acute pain and Hispanic or Latinx patients were 25% less likely to receive medication to each acute pain compared with White patients. (see "Racial and ethnic disparities" below)
- Bias in the legal profession - in a 2014 study, a legal memorandum was sent to 60 law firm partners; the partners who were told the memo was written by a Black law student rated the memo lower than the partners who were told the memo was written by a White law student. (see Partners in study" below)
- Bias in the workforce - resumes with Resume study - White-sounding names received 50% more callbacks for interviews than identical resumes with Black-sounding names.(see "Are Emily and Greg" source below)
- Bias in higher education - athletes at Georgetown University created a video recounting instances of bias and microaggressions they have experienced in the video I Can’t Breathe
Learn More About Implicit Bias
- How to Think about ‘Implicit Bias’ by Keith Payne, Lauren Niemi, and John M. Doris; article in Scientific American, March 27, 2018
- 11 Harmful Types of Unconscious Bias and How to Interrupt Them, blog post on Catalyst, January 2, 2020
- Unconscious Bias: Stereotypical hiring practices by Gail Tolstoi-Miller, CEO/Staffing, Recruitment, Unconscious Bias, Diversity & Inclusion Strategist, Consultnetworx; video from TEDxLincolnSquare, March 28, 2017
- Implicit bias, by UCLA's Office of Equity, Diversity and Inclusion; video from September 9, 2016
- How We Make Decisions, by Marshall E-Learning Consultancy; video from May 12, 2017
- How to Outsmart Your Own Unconscious Bias, by Valerie Alexander; video from TEDxPasadena, September 30, 2017
- Racial and ethnic disparities in the management of acute pain in US emergency departments, by Paulyne Lee, Maxine Le Saux, Rebecca Siegel, Monika Goyal, Chen Chen, Yan Ma, and Andrew C. Meltzer; article in The American Journal of Emergency Medicine, September 2019
- Partners in study gave legal memo a lower rating when told author wasn't white, by Debra Cassens Weiss; article on the American Bar Association Journal site, April 21, 2014
- Are Emily and Greg more employable than Lakisha and Jamal? A Field Experiment on Labor Market Discrimination, by Marianne Bertrand and Sendhil Mullainathan; National Bureau of Economic Research working paper, July 2003
Georgetown University Resources on Implicit Bias
- Georgetown University Office of Institutional Diversity, Equity and Affirmative Action (IDEAA) - IDEAA offers workshops on implicit bias
- The Role of Teacher Implicit Bias in the Racial Achievement Gap - Master's Thesis in Digital Georgetown
- Inclusive Pedagogy - the Center for New Designs in Learning and Scholarship has resources addressing implicit bias
- Conscious and Unconscious Biases in Health Care - a four-module course designed by Georgetown University's National Center for Cultural Competence (NCCC)
- The Unexamined Life: a Framework to Address Judicial Bias in Custody Determinations and Beyond, by Claire P. Donahue; Georgetown Journal of Gender and the Law, Vol. XXI, Issue 3, Spring 2020
Apologizing for Unintentional Racist Comments
- A Therapist On The Right Way To Apologize When You Say Something Racist
- How to Apologize for a Racist Comment
- You’ve Committed a Microaggression—Now What?
- How to Fix a Microaggression you didn’t mean to commit
- You’ve Been Called Out for a Microaggression. What Do You Do?
- 21 Racial Microaggressions You Hear On A Daily Basis
- How to Stop Saying ‘I’m Sorry’ All the Time - And What to Say Instead
- No Way but Through - video by Melanie Domenech Rodríguez, Professor of Psychology at Utah State University
- Power, Privilege and Everyday Life: Tumblr site with contributions from people who have experienced some form of racist comments, along with feedback.